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Stimulation and Microseismicity×

Utah FORGE 2-2446: Report on Laboratory Block Experiments with Six Different Combinations of Stresses and Rock Fabrics

Jan 30, 2025
15.21 MB
Publicly accessible
This report documents a series of block-scale hydraulic fracturing experiments, simulating Utah FORGE conditions to investigate how different combinations of in situ stress regimes, well orientations, and thermal stress conditions influence fracture initiation and propagation. The...
Authors
Bunger, A. and Lu, Y. Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
geothermalenergyutah forgehydraulic fracturingtriaxial loadingegsblock-scalein situ stressthermal stimulationbreakdown pressurefracture propagationrock mechanicsfracture mappinglaboratory experimentsreservoir stimulationtechnical report

Utah FORGE 5-2615: Final Report for the Experimental Determination and Modeling-Informed Analysis of Thermo-Poromechanical Response of Fractured Rock

Jun 30, 2025
6.17 MB
Publicly accessible
This is the final technical report documenting laboratory experiments and modeling conducted to characterize the thermo-poromechanical behavior of fractured crystalline rocks for application to Utah FORGE. The report includes measurements of poroelastic and thermo-poroelastic prop...
Authors
Ghassemi, A. The University of Oklahoma
geothermalenergyutah forgeegslaboratory experimentstechnical reportthermo-poromechanicalfracturingporoelasticthermo-poroelasticpermeability evolutionhydraulic fracturedfitmodeling resultsstressfracture mechanicsgeomechanicsblock-scalebiot effective stressclosure pressurethermal stresstransverse fracturesstimulation

Processed Lab Data for Neural Network-Based Shear Stress Level Prediction

May 14, 2021
6.01 MB
Publicly accessible
Machine learning can be used to predict fault properties such as shear stress, friction, and time to failure using continuous records of fault zone acoustic emissions. The files are extracted features and labels from lab data (experiment p4679). The features are extracted with a n...
Authors
Marone, C. et al Pennsylvania State University
geothermalenergymatlabgeophysicsseismiccodeprocessed datamicroseismicityaiartificial intelligencedeep learningmachine learningacousticsacoustic emissionsseismic forcastingseismic predictionfaultfault propertiesshear stresstime to failureexperimentexperimental datalab databiaxial shear experimentbiaxial shear apparatusfriction

Utah FORGE 2-2446: Closing the Loop Between In-situ Stress Complexity and EGS Fracture Complexity 2025 Workshop Presentation

Sep 18, 2025
129.72 MB
Publicly accessible
This is a presentation on the Closing the Loop Between In-situ Stress Complexity and EGS Fracture Complexity project by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, presented by Dr. Fan (Frank) Fei. The project's objective was to employ a combination of high-fidelity simulations and tr...
Authors
Kroll, K. and Fei, F. Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
geothermalenergyutah forgeegs2025 annual workshopin-situ stresshydraulic fracturingfracture complexitytrue-triaxial testingstress characterizationpresentationpresentation recordingpresentation slidesreport

CO2 Push-Pull Single Fault Injection Simulations

Sep 21, 2017
24.3 MB
Publicly accessible
ASCII text files containing grid-block name, X-Y-Z location, and multiple parameters from TOUGH2 simulation output of CO2 injection into an idealized single fault representing a dipping normal fault at the Desert Peak geothermal field (readable by GMS). The fault is composed of a ...
Authors
Borgia, A. et al Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
geothermalenergyco2 injectionfault characterizationfault imagingseismic imagingegstough2gmsfracturespermeable flow pathspermeability characterizationidentificationcarbon dioxideinjectionproductionfault sensitivityfault systemfracture systemrock propertiesfluid mechanicspressure transientstimulationreservoir

Utah FORGE 1-2410: Final Report on the Development of a Smart Completion and Stimulation Solution

Aug 21, 2025
982.73 kB
Publicly accessible
This report details the work Welltech has done to provide true zonal isolation of the geothermal reservoir across multiple zones and cycles, enabling effective stimulation and repeated treatments of selected zones. The project included a literature review, small-scale experimentat...
Authors
Esqutin, Y. Welltech Inc.
geothermalenergyutah forgewelltechisolation toolsmetal expandable packerhthpannular isolationwell integretyzonal isolationstimulationzonal treatmentsmall-scalefull-scaledocumentationfinal reporttechnical report

Devices Suitable for Sectional Isolation Along Both Cased and Open-hole Wellbores Large-scale Test Setup

Jan 31, 2023
5.25 MB
Publicly accessible
The main goal of this project is to develop an annular isolation system capable to withstand geothermal downhole conditions and mitigate the problems experienced by conventional packers in FORGE wells. This large-scale set-up report is about the system that has been constructed to...
Authors
Teodoriu, C. et al Welltec
geothermalenergywellborecasingdrillingtechnicalassessmentstimulationforgeegs

Summary Fracturing of Coso Samples with StimuFrac

Sep 06, 2016
61.24 kB
Publicly accessible
Lab-scale stimulation was performed on Coso samples obtained from a single core (1623 feet TVD, reservoir Coso CGC 18-27) using StimuFrac and control fluid in the absence of stimuli-responsive polymer.
Authors
Fernandez, C. Pacific Northwest National Laboratory
geothermalstimuli-responsivecosoeffective pressurelab-scale stimulationegsstimufracfracking fluidhydraulic fracturingfracture mechanismsoverpressurestimulationegs reservoir

Lab-Scale Stimulation Results on Surrogate Fused Silica Samples

Jul 06, 2016
73.74 kB
Publicly accessible
Lab-scale stimulation work on non-porous fused silica (similar mechanical properties to igneous rock) was performed using pure water, pure CO2 and water/CO2 mixtures to compare back to back fracturing performance of these fluids with PNNL's StimuFrac.
Authors
Fernandez, C. Pacific Northwest National Laboratory
geothermaleffective pressurefused silicastimufraclab-scale stimulationfracturing proformancehydraulic fracturingquartzfracking fluidpressuremeasured effective pressuresupercritical co2reservoir stimulationegs

Utah FORGE 2-2404: Application of Advanced Techniques for Determination of Reservoir-Scale Stress State at Utah FORGE 2023 Annual Workshop Presentation

Sep 08, 2023
67.53 MB
Publicly accessible
This is a presentation on the Application of Advanced Techniques for Determination of Reservoir-Scale Stress State at Utah FORGE project by the University of Oklahoma, presented by Dr. Ahmad Ghassemi, McCasland Chair Professor. The project's objective was to develop a methodology ...
Authors
Ghassemi, A. University of Oklahoma
geothermalenergyannual workshop2023reservoir stressstress statein-situ stressinduced seismicitymitigationstress modelingredistributionpermeability evolutionutah forgeegsreservoir stress redistribution

Devices Suitable for Sectional Isolation Along Both Cased and Open-hole Wellbores Pipe Preparation Report

Mar 31, 2023
3.14 MB
Publicly accessible
The main goal of this project is to develop an annular isolation system capable to withstand geothermal downhole conditions and mitigate the problems experienced by conventional packers in FORGE wells. This pipe preparation report is based on the test pipe that was procured and pr...
Authors
Teodoriu, C. et al Welltec
geothermalenergywellborecasingdrillingtechnicalassessmentstimulationforgeegs

Utah FORGE 2-2404: Determination of Reservoir-Scale Stress State Presentation Slides

Jul 31, 2022
4.56 MB
Publicly accessible
This PowerPoint summarizes the integration of multiple approaches and data to constrain wellbore stress models at Utah FORGE. This stress determination used faulting theory, breakouts, and drilling-induced cracks detected in image logs. Wellbore stress profiles were established f...
Authors
Ghassemi, A. et al The University of Oklahoma
geothermalenergyfracture mechanicsfocal mechanismanelastic strain recoverydfitwellborestress characterizationstress modelin-situ stresspresentationslidesinduced seismicityreservoir stressutah forgeegsimage logsfaulting theorybreakoutsdrilling-induced cracks

Life Cycle Water Consumption and Water Resource Assessment for Utility-Scale Geothermal Systems: An In-Depth Analysis of Historical and Forthcoming EGS Projects

Aug 31, 2013
10.97 MB
Publicly accessible
This report is the third in a series of reports sponsored by the U.S. Department of Energy Geothermal Technologies Program in which a range of water-related issues surrounding geothermal power production are evaluated. The first report made an initial attempt at quantifying the li...
Authors
Schroeder, J. et al Argonne National Laboratory
geothermalegswaterlife cyclewater consumptionpowerregional water resource assessmentstimulationinternationaldomesticgeologypermitnevadaproductioninjectioncaliforniaoregonoperationalabovegroundmake-upcoolingwellobservation wellnepadrillingproduction wellinjection wellchemicalflow testcirculation testexploration welllossreservoir lossbelowground lossoperational lossloss ratelife cycle assessmentwater resource

Numerical Modeling for Hydraulic Fracture Prediction

Apr 26, 2016
1.1 MB
Publicly accessible
Numerical modeling on fused silica cylindrical materials for predicting overpressures required to fracture an homogeneous pure (surrogate) material with known mechanical properties similar to igneous rock materials and later compare these values to experimental overpressures obtai...
Authors
Gupta, V. Pacific Northwest National Laboratory
silicafracturingmodelingoverpressurepredictionnumerical modelingmechanical propertiesfused silica surrogate cylindrical samplesmaterial p[ropertiesfused quartzstress distributioncrack extensionstress intensity factorinternal pressureconfining pressurevariationstimulationreservoir

EGS Collab Experiment 1: Microseismic Monitoring

Jul 29, 2019
2.83 TB
Publicly accessible
The U.S. Department of Energy's Enhanced Geothermal System (EGS) Collab project aims to improve our understanding of hydraulic stimulations in crystalline rock for enhanced geothermal energy production through execution of intensely monitored meso-scale experiments. The first expe...
Authors
Schoenball, M. et al Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
geothermalenergyegs collabsurfhydraulicfracturingstimulationsanford underground research facilityexperimentegsmicroseismic monitoringmeso-scale stimulationssandford underground researchmesoscale experimentscrystalline rock3d sensorleadsouth dakotasta/lta triggering algorithmmicroseismicitycatalograw dataprocessed databinary file interpreterpythongeospatial data

EGS Collab Experiment 1: Continuous Active-Source Seismic Monitoring (CASSM) Data

Apr 25, 2018
5.01 TB
Publicly accessible
The U.S. Department of Energy's Enhanced Geothermal System (EGS) Collab project aims to improve our understanding of hydraulic stimulations in crystalline rock for enhanced geothermal energy production through execution of intensely monitored meso-scale experiments. The first expe...
Authors
Schoenball, M. and Sprinkle, P. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
geothermalenergyegs collabsurfhydraulicfracturingstimulationsanford underground research facilityexperimentegsseismicactive sourceimagingmonitoringcassmcontinuousexperiment 1geophysicshydrophonegeophoneaccelerometerwell instrumentationmeso scale

EGS Collab Experiment 1: Second Set Tracer Test Results

Dec 19, 2019
4.94 MB
Publicly accessible
The EGS Collab project is developing ~10-20 m-scale field sites where fracture stimulation and flow models can be validated against controlled, small-scale, in-situ experiments. The first multi-well experimental site was established at the 4850 level in the Homestake Mine in Lead,...
Authors
Neupane, G. et al Idaho National Laboratory
geothermalenergyegs collabsurftracer testssigma-vc-dotsrhodamine-bfluoresceinbreakthrough curvechloridetracer datahydraulicfracturingsimulationtracerexperimentalegssanford underground research facilityinjectionsodium chloridelithium bromidecesium iodinetestbed 1stimulation

EGS Collab Experiment 1: Accelerometer orientations

Aug 19, 2020
608.24 kB
Publicly accessible
Document describing the methodology used to determine the accelerometers' three-component orientations at the first EGS Collab testbed using Continuous Active-Source Seismic Monitoring (CASSM) data and hodogram analysis. Original submission: gdr.openei.org/submissions/1166
Authors
Hopp, C. et al Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
geothermalenergyegs collabmicroseismicsensor orientationaccelerometerorientationsurfsanford underground research facilityhydraulicfracturingexperimentstimulationmeso-scalemesoscalecrystalline rock3d sensorleadsouth dakotasta/lta triggering algorithmmicroseismicitypythongeospatial data3-ccassm datahodogram analysisprincipal component analysispcawellborewell datawell geometrybandpass filtercontinuous active-source seismic monitoringcassmthree-component

Devices Suitable for Sectional Isolation Along Both Cased and Open-hole Wellbores Geomechanical Packer Formation Model Iteraction

Jun 20, 2023
73.05 MB
Publicly accessible
The main goal of this project is to develop an annular isolation system capable to withstand geothermal downhole conditions and mitigate the problems experienced by conventional packers in FORGE wells. This presentation outlines the work in rock modelling and interaction with the ...
Authors
Ghassemi, A. et al Welltec
geothermalenergywellborecasingdrillingtechnicalassessmentstimulationforgeegs

Updated Overpressures and Permeability Values for PNNL's StimuFrac Fluid

Apr 06, 2016
471.63 kB
Publicly accessible
A corrigendum was submitted to the journal of Geothermics on our article "Environmentally friendly, rheoreversible, hydraulic-fracturing fluids for enhanced geothermal systems" Shao et al Geothermics 58 (2015) 22-31. In the original article some permeability values were underesti...
Authors
Shao, H. et al Pacific Northwest National Laboratory
geothermalstimuli-responsivefracking fluidcorrigendumgeothermicshydraulic fracturingstimulationegsreservoirfluid

Utah FORGE 5-2419: Seismicity-Permeability Relationships Probed via Nonlinear Acoustic Imaging 2025 Workshop Presentation

Sep 18, 2025
128.96 MB
Publicly accessible
This is a presentation on the Seismicity-Permeability Relationships Probed via Nonlinear Acoustic Imaging project by Pennsylvania State University, presented by Derek Elsworth. The project's objectives were to explore controls and acoustic signatures of aseismic through seismic ev...
Authors
Elsworth, D. Pennsylvania State University
geothermalenergyutah forgeegsseismicitypermeabilitynonlinear acoustic imagingfracture reactivationfriction stabilitystress statestimulationgeomechanics2025 annual workshoppresentationpresentation recordingpresentation slidesreport

Hybrid machine learning model to predict 3D in-situ permeability evolution

Nov 22, 2022
5.58 MB
Publicly accessible
Enhanced geothermal systems (EGS) can provide a sustainable and renewable solution to the new energy transition. Its potential relies on the ability to create a reservoir and to accurately evaluate its evolving hydraulic properties to predict fluid flow and estimate ultimate therm...
Authors
Elsworth, D. and Marone, C. Pennsylvania State University
geothermalenergyegsnewberryhydraulicstimulationprocessed datamachine learningpermeability evolutionhydraulic fracturinginduced seismicityegs collabseismic data analysiswellhead pressureflow ratefracture permeabilitymicroearthquakeenhanced geothermal systems

kISMET Final Report and Highlights

Oct 31, 2016
10 MB
Publicly accessible
The files in this submission describes the results of a series of stress measurement and hydraulic fracturing experiments conducted at the Sanford Underground Research Facility (SURF) in Lead, SD. This report describes the accomplishments of the kISMET (permeability (k) and Induce...
Authors
Oldenburg, C. et al Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
geothermalenergystressegshydraulic fracturingnumerical modelingsanford underground research facilitycorepoorman formationanalytical modelingsubterhydraulic stimulationkismetpermeabilityinduced seismicitymanagementsurfborehole

Directional Cooling-Induced Fracturing Westerly Granite Test Results

Dec 18, 2020
72.48 MB
Publicly accessible
Directional Cooling-Induced Fracturing (DCIF) experiments were conducted on a short, cylindrical sample of Westerly granite (diameter = 4 inches, height ~ 2 inches). Liquid nitrogen was poured in a copper cup attached to the top of the sample, and the resulting acoustic emissions ...
Authors
Nakagawa, S. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
geothermalthermal crackingacoustic emissionstemperature changeslaboratory experimentwesterly granitegranitemoment tensorfractureseismicgeophysicsliquid nitrogenthermaltemperaturestimulationdirectional coolinginduced fracturingdirectional cooling-induced fracturingwellborestressvelocitytomographymicrocracking

Utah FORGE 4-2541: Final Report and Presentation on Optimization and Validation of a Plug and Perf Stimulation Treatment Design

Jul 15, 2025
219.13 MB
Publicly accessible
This dataset contains the final technical report and closeout presentation for Utah FORGE Project 4-2541, which focused on the optimization and validation of a multistage plug and perf stimulation treatment design for enhanced geothermal systems. The report documents drilling, com...
Authors
Norbeck, J. Fervo Energy
geothermalenergyplug and perfstimulationutah forgeegshorizontal drillingmonitoring wellfiber-optic monitoringdistributed acoustic sensingdasdistributed temperature sensingdtspressuretemperaturestimulation performanceflow allocationfracture geometryinjectivityinduced seismicitytechnical reporthydraulic stimulation
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